Ibiro by’Umushinjacyaha w’Urwego Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho Gukora Imirimo y’Insigarira y’Inkiko Mpanabyaha (IRMCT), byatangaje ko Protais Mpiranya wahoze akuriye abarindaga Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana, yapfuye mu 2006 atagejejwe mu butabera ku byaha ashinjwa bya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Ni amakuru yaje ashyira iherezo ku rugendo urukiko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga rwari rumazemo imyaka 20, rumushakisha ngo yishyure ibyo ashinjwa byatwaye ubuzima bwa benshi muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Kwihisha kwa Mpiranya kugeza ubwo amaze imyaka 16 apfuye nta we ubizi, byaturutse ku kagambane k’umuryango we, ibihugu by’amahanga n’inshuti ze zakomeje kumubikira ibanga kugeza mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka ubwo abagenzacyaha ba IRMCT babashaga gutahura neza iby’urupfu rwe.
Amakuru IRMICT yashyize hanze, avuga ko Protais Mpiranya yavutse ku ya 30 Gicurasi 1956 mu Kagari ka Shaki, Komini ya Giciye, muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi mu Rwanda.
Yavutse ku izina rya Protais Lizahanande, nyuma afata izina rya murumuna we wapfuye witwaga Mathias Mpiranya.
Yinjiye muri École Supérieure Militaire y’u Rwanda mu 1979 arangiza imyaka ine y’inyigisho za gisirikare zihabwa aba ofisiye. Muri Mata 1993, yagizwe Umuyobozi wa Batayo y’Ingabo zirinda Perezida (GP) mu Ngabo z’u Rwanda (FAR), ari zo zari zishinzwe kurinda umutekano wa Perezida Juvénal Habyarimana.
IRMCT ivuga ko ku mugoroba wo ku ya 06 Mata 1994, nyuma y’ihanurwa ry’indege ya Habyarimana, Umutwe w’aba GP, uyobowe na Mpiranya wagize uruhare runini mu bwicanyi bwakurikiyeho.
Batangiye kugaba ibitero ku bantu bakomeye batavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi hagamijwe gukumira ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya guverinoma y’inzibacyuho yagutse no gukuraho abantu bakomeye basabye ituze n’amahoro kandi banashoboraga gukumira Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Mu rukerera rwo ku ya 07 Mata 1994, bamwe mu basirikare bari bayobowe na Mpiranya bishe Minisitiri w’Intebe Agathe Uwilingiyimana, bakurikizaho gufunga no kwica abasirikare icumi b’ingabo z’amahoro z’Ababiligi zarindaga aho yari atuye.
Bishe kandi Faustin Rucogoza, wari Umunyamuryango wa Mouvement Démocratique Républicain (MDR) na Minisitiri w’Itangazamakuru, Félicien Ngango wari Visi-Perezida wa PSD, Landouald Ndasingwa wari Visi-Perezida wa PL akaba na Minisitiri w’Umurimo n’Ibikorwa Rusange; Joseph Kavaruganda, Perezida w’Urukiko Rushinzwe Kurinda Iremezo ry’Itegeko Nshinga na Fréderic Nzamurambaho, Umuyobozi wa PSD wari na Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi.
Mu minsi n’ibyumweru byakurikiyeho, Interahamwe zishe Abatutsi ku bufatanye n’abasirikare b’aba GP n’abandi. Abasirikare b’aba GP banashyizeho bariyeri hirya no hino muri Kigali kugira ngo bahagarike kandi bice Abatutsi, kandi bafata ku ngufu abagore n’abana b’Abatutsi bafatanyije n’Interahamwe.
Zimbabwe na RDC, ibihugu bitungwa agatoki mu guhisha Mpiranya
Ubwo u Rwanda rwabohorwaga, Mpiranya yahungiye muri Zaire. Muri Nzeri 1994, yabonye pasiporo hamwe n’umuryango we, maze bajya i Yaoundé muri Cameroun mu ntangiriro za Ukwakira 1994, aho benshi mu bagize uruhare muri Jenoside bari barahungiye.
Muri Werurwe 1996, nyuma yo gufatwa kwa Théoneste Bagosora wari muri Cameroun, Mpiranya yahunze mbere y’uko inzego zibishinzwe zimugeraho.
Mu 1998, yasubiye muri RDC (Zaire) kugira ngo yinjire mu ntambara yiswe iya kabiri ya Congo aho yari ku ruhande rwa Perezida Laurent Desire Kabila bagamije kurwanya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda.
Nk’umuyobozi wo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu yahoze ari FAR, yagizwe Umuyobozi wa Burigade ya Horizon ya FDLR. Yabonye indangamuntu mpimbano, afata izina rya Alain Hirwa, amenyekana nka ’Commander Alain’. Yakundwaga cyane n’ingabo ze kandi Brigade ye ikubahwa ku rugamba kubera imikorere yayo.
Hagati ya 1998 na 2002, Brigade ya Horizon yakoranye cyane n’ingabo za Zimbabwe (ZDF) muri DRC.
ZDF na Brigade ya Horizon barinze ahantu hakomeye mu nzira zigana i Kinshasa na Lubumbashi, harimo Mbuji-Mayi, Pweto, Kamina na Kabinda. Bakoranye kandi bya hafi cyane akazi ko kurinda ibirombe bya diyama i Mbuji-Mayi.
Nk’ingabo z’abanyamahane mu ntambara kandi zari zishyigikiye FDLR cyane, ZDF yatanze inkunga y’ibikoresho, intwaro n’amasasu kuri Brigade ya Horizon. Mpiranya nk’umuyobozi wo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi wubahwa cyane, yahuje n’ubuyobozi bwa ZDF, ahuza n’imitwe ya ZDF, akorana nabo, kandi agirana umubano wa hafi n’abasirikare bakuru ba Zimbabwe.
Hagati aho amahanga yashyizeho igitutu kugira ngo iyi ntambara ihagarare, noneho muri Nyakanga 2002 hasinywa amasezerano y’amahoro muri Afurika y’Epfo, aho ibihugu byari bifite ingabo z’amahanga byose byemeye gukuraho izo ingabo muri DRC.
Ubuyobozi bwa FDLR bwarwanyije ku mugaragaro ayo masezerano, bwifuza gukomeza urugamba rwo kurwanya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda. Byatumye FDLR ifatwa nk’umutwe utifuzwa muri RDC binatera imirwano hagati y’ingabo za DRC n’ingabo za FDLR.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa FDLR wari n’Umuyobozi wa Mpiranya ari we Tharcisse Renzaho, yatawe muri yombi mu mpera za Nzeri 2002.
Muri uko kwezi, Urukiko Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda rwasohoye ku mugaragaro inyandiko y’ibirego yo gufata Mpiranya.
Yahungiye muri Zimbabwe mu mpera za 2002. Abayobozi ba Zimbabwe bamworohereje kwinjira muri Zimbabwe na we yorohereza abambari be ba hafi kwinjira muri Zimbabwe.
Umugore we n’abakobwa be bavuye muri Cameroun berekeza i Kinshasa, nyuma aborohereza kwimukira muri Zimbabwe, aho nyuma bashoboye kuva bagana mu Bwongereza.
Abakoze iperereza bavuga ko Mpiranya yageze muri Zimbabwe mu ndege y’igisirikare cya Zimbabwe kandi ko inshuro nyinshi yahuraga n’abayobozi bakuru mu butegetsi bwa Perezida Robert Mugabe.
Akigera muri Zimbabwe yinjiye mu bucuruzi atangiza sosiyete yo gutwara abantu n’ibintu akoresheje imodoka ebyiri yavanye muri diyama yacukuye muri Congo.
Ubucuruzi ntibwamuhiriye ndetse abamuzi bavuga ko imibereho ye yatangiye kugenda iba mibi kurushaho kubera ubukene. Umwaka wa mbere muri Zimbabwe yawubayeho mu nzu igezweho ya wenyine (Villa) ariko byaje kwanga ajya mu nzu rusange aho akodeshanya n’abandi.
Byageze aho muri za modoka ze zitwara abantu ahagarika kujya aha akazi abandi, umuryango we uba ari wo utangira kuzitwara kuko guhemba abakozi byari ikibazo. Izo modoka ebyiri zaje gukora impanuka mu gihe kimwe, habura amafaranga yo kuzisana.
Muri iyo myaka kandi nibwo Zimbabwe yari iri mu bibazo by’ubukungu n’itakazagaciro k’ifaranga rikomeye ku buryo umutungo we wahiriye muri ibyo bihe, hagasigara ubusa.
Mu gihe cy’imyaka ine, Mpiranya yabashije kwihisha anabona ubuhungiro muri Zimbabwe, aho yari atuye mu gace gakize ka Harare.
Yakomeje ibikorwa bya FDLR no kwifatanya n’abashyigikiye FDLR harimo no kubona pasiporo mpimbano ya Uganda ku izina rya James Kakule hamwe n’abandi bayobozi ba FDLR.
Yagiye mu bucuruzi hamwe na muramukazi we, mu gihe umugore we yamusuye kabiri, mu 2003 no muri 2004, ubwo yazanaga abakobwa be kubonana na se ku nshuro ya kabiri.
Imyaka ya nyuma y’ubuzima bwe yaranzwe no guhangayika no gutinya ko aho yihishe hazamenyekana kandi ko azaburanishwa ku byaha bye, kimwe n’abandi bayobozi benshi bo mu Rwanda bashinjwaga uruhare bagize muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Mu mezi ashyira Ukwakira 2006, IRMCT ivuga ko Mpiranya yarembye cyane kubera igituntu maze arwarira mu bitaro bya West End i Harare ku izina rya Ndume Sambao. Yaje gupfa ku ya 05 Ukwakira 2006.
Nyuma y’urupfu rwe, bagenzi ba Mpiranya bateguye umuhango wo kumushyingura, umugore we ava mu Bwongereza ajya i Harare kwitabira umuhango wo gushyingura.
Ku ya 17 Ukwakira 2006, umuhango wo gushyingura warabaye i Harare mu bwiru, witabirwa gusa n’umuryango we na bagenzi be. Yashyinguwe ku irimbi riri hanze ya Harare ku izina rya Ndume Sambao.
Kuva mu Ukwakira 2006, umuryango wa Mpiranya na bagenzi be bakoze ibishoboka byose ngo bahishe urupfu rwe n’aho yashyinguwe. Babeshye abashinzwe iperereza inshuro nyinshi, banatoza abazi ibya Mpiranya n’urupfu rwe muri Harare, kubeshya baramutse babajijwe.
Kubera guhindura amazina, byagoye abakora iperereza kumenya ukuri kuri Mpiranya kugeza mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka ubwo byamenyekanaga.
The Guardian yatangaje ko ahagana saa moya z’igitondo tariki 7 Gashyantare 2022 aribwo itsinda ry’abagenzacyaha ba IRMCT ryageze ku mva ya Mpiranya, basanga yanditseho Ndume Sambao, bareba ku gihe yavukiye bakabona bihuye n’amatariki bari bafite ya Mpiranya.
Byose byatangiye muri Nzeri umwaka ushize ubwo abashinzwe iperereza bagwaga kuri mudasobwa irimo amabanga ku rupfu rwa Mpiranya. Bahuje amakuru babonye n’ayo bari bafite, baza no kugwa ku mafoto yo kumushyingura yafashwe mu Ukwakira 2006.
Kuri ayo mafoto hari hariho agaragaza umurambo wa Mpiranya wambitswe ikoti. Iryo koti abagenzacyaha barisanze mu mva ye
Baje kuvumbura ishusho umwe mu bo muryango wa Mpiranya yoherereje umwe mu bashushanya ku mva muri Harare kugira ngo ariyo azifashisha ashushanya ku mva ye.
Byaje guhwana ubwo abagenzacyaha bageraga ku mva, bagasanga ya shusho ni yo yashushanyijwe ku mva ya Mpiranya, bacukura bagasanga imyenda yari yambaye ihuye neza n’iyo umuryango we ufite ku mafoto y’ikiriyo.
Umurambo wa Mpiranya wataburuwe tariki 27 Mata guhera mu rukerera hari abapolisi bagera kuri 20 kugira ngo hatagira usagarira inzobere mpuzamahanga.
Impamvu abagenzacyaha bakomeje gushakisha Mpiranya bemeza ko akiriho, ni uko hari abantu hirya no hino babahaga amakuru y’uko bamubonye, bigatuma bakomeza kwizera ko akiriho.
Mpiranya niwe wari usigaye atarafatwa ku rutonde rw’abantu 93 bashakishwaga n’urukiko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda.
Inkuru ya IGIHE
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