Indwara zo mu mutwe zibasira abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni amagana hirya no hino ku isi, kandi zigira ingaruka no kuri bene wabo n’incuti zabo. Umuntu umwe kuri bane aba azarwara indwara yo mu mutwe. Ku isi hose, indwara yo kwiheba ni yo ya mbere ifata abantu benshi kurusha izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe. Naho indwara bakunze kwita ibisazi n’indi ituma ibyiyumvo bihindagurika, ni zo zikaze kandi ni zo zizahaza abantu kurusha izindi. Nubwo abantu benshi barwaye indwara zo mu mutwe muri rusange abantu barazihisha, abazirwaye bakirengagizwa kandi bagahabwa akato.”—Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Ryita ku Buzima.
Izi ndwara kenshi zifatwa nk’umuziro cg se umuvumo, abo zifashe akenshi ukunze gusanga bahishwa cg se ntibavuzwe kubera gutinya umuryango cg se igitutu cy’abandi. Benshi zifashe aho kujyanwa kwa muganga, usanga bahitamo kubasengera, nyamara amavuriro abivura arahari kandi bashobora gukira igihe bakurikiranywe hakiri kare.
Indwara zibasira imitekerereze ya muntu ziratandukanye, ariko izikunze kugaragara kuri benshi ni: depression (cg kwigunga bikabije), anxiety (kudatuza na gato), ibisazi (schizophrenia), stress nyinshi itewe nibyo wabonye (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) ndetse n’ubwoba bwa byinshi bitandukanye (phobias cg panic disorders)
Ariko se, ni ibihe bimenyetso byakwereka ko ukwiye kwivuza indwara zo mu mutwe
Ibimenyetso byakwereka ko wugarijwe n’indwara zo mu mutwe
- Kurya ubudatuza
Mu gihe ubona uburyo uryamo bwahindutse cyane, ukaba usigaye urya cyane kandi kenshi, igihe cyose ugahora ushonje, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso ko hari ikitagenda neza mu mutwe. Igihe ufite stress nyinshi, kurya cyane bishobora kukubaho, ariko niba ubona uburyo wajyaga uryamo bwahindutse cyane, ukwiye kwita cyane ku cyahindutse mu mitekerereze yawe.
- Kutagira icyo witaho
Akenshi iyo ibintu byakubanye byinshi hari ibyo ureka cg ukirengagiza gukora, ibyo bibaho kuri benshi. Ariko mu gihe n’iby’ingenzi wagakwiye gukora usigaye ubyirengagiza nk’akazi ushinzwe, cg urugo rwawe ni ikimenyetso ko umubiri n’ubwonko byawe bitari gukorana neza.
Mu gihe udashoboye kubiganiriza inshuti wizeye yagufasha, ushobora kwitabaza abaganga b’inzobere mu bibazo byo mu mutwe.
- Guhora ubona ibitagenda gusa
Kimwe mu bimenyetso biza mbere ku ndwara zo mu mutwe, ni uguhora ubona ibitagenda neza mu bandi. Niho utangira kujya ubavuga nabi, ibibaye byose bikaba ari bibi kuri wowe kugeza no kubyo udashobora guhindura; nk’izuba ryinshi, kuba imvura yaguye cg ibindi bisanzwe mu buzima.
Ibi biba byerekana ko imitekerereze yawe itari kumvikana n’ibyiyumviro byawe cg se utagishoboye gucunga ibyiyumviro byawe.
- Kwiyahuza ibiyobyabwenge
Benshi bakunze gutangira gufata ibirangaza ubwenge (nk’inzoga, itabi n’ibindi biyobyabwenge) mu gihe bageze mu bibazo bikomeye ubwenge bwabo budashobora kwakira.
Niba utangiye gufata imiti ituma udatekereza ibiriho cg igufasha gusinzira, ugatangira kunywa inzoga cyane no gukoresha ibindi biyobyabwenge, gana abaganga bagufashe
Niba utangiye kuzajya unywa inzoga, ugatangira kunywa itabi, umunsi ku wundi ukumva utabisiba, ukaba udashobora kuryama udafashe kamwe, ni kimwe mu bimenyetso byerekana ko imitekerereze yawe itangiye guhinduka, kandi ko watangiye kwibasirwa n’indwara zo mu mutwe.
- Kumva ushaka kuba wenyine
Wari usanzwe ukunda kuba mu bantu benshi no gusabana, nyuma ukumva ntibikigushimisha, ndetse urashaka kuba wenyine. Ni ikimenyetso ko hari ikibazo uri guhisha cg ibyo udashaka ko abandi babona.
Niba wumva kwigunga cg kuvugisha abandi bigutera ubwoba, ni ngombwa gushaka ubufasha mu baganga.
- Kutagira gahunda
Ushobora kuba wari umuntu ugira gahunda, ibintu byawe bihora ku murongo, wambara imyenda isa neza, nuko byose ukumva ntacyo bimaze. Ugatangira kugira akavuyo mubyo ukora byose, yaba aho utuye, uko wambara nuko witwara ukabona byose byuzuyemo akavuyo n’umwanda. Ni ikimenyetso ko hari ikitagenda mu mitekerereze yawe wibasiwe n’indwara zo mu mutwe.
- Gutekereza ibintu bibi
Birasanzwe muri kamere muntu ko atekereza ibibi n’ibyiza. Ariko mu gihe ubona ibyo ukora byose biganisha ku kugira nabi cg gutekereza ibibi gusa, akaba aribyo uhoramo; nko guhora utekereza abifuza kukugirira nabi, impanuka zitandukanye, guhomba cg kubura ibyo wari utunze, ugahorana ubwoba ko ibintu bigiye kuba bibi. Ni ngombwa kwihutira gushaka ubufasha mu nzobere mu byerekeye imitekerereze.
Ngibyo bimwe mu bimenyetso by’indwara zo mu mutwe, biza hakiri kare, ukaba ushobora kubyirengagiza ubyitiranya na stress isanzwe.
Nuramuka ubonye byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso tumaze kuvuga ntuzashidikanye kugana kwa muganga bazagufasha.
Dukurikije raporo y’iryo shami, abantu benshi bafite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe banga kwivuza kuko baba batinya guhabwa akato.
Ikigo cyo muri Amerika Cyita ku Barwayi bo mu Mutwe cyavuze ko indwara nyinshi zo mu mutwe zishobora kuvurwa. Cyakomeje kivuga ko nubwo bimeze bityo, muri icyo gihugu abantu bakuru bagera hafi kuri 60 ku ijana n’abakiri bato bafite hagati y’imyaka 8 na 15 bagera kuri 50 ku ijana barwaye indwara zo mu mutwe, batigeze bivuza mu mwaka ushize.
Igihe iyo ndwara imara n’ubukana bwayo bigenda bitandukana bitewe n’umuntu, imimerere arimo n’ubwoko bw’indwara arwaye. Iyo ndwara ishobora kwibasira abantu bose ititaye ku myaka, umuco, igitsina, ubwoko, idini, amashuri cyangwa urwego rw’imibereho. Icyakora iyo umuntu afashwe n’iyo ndwara, ntibiba bisobanura ko ari ikigwari cyangwa ko afite imico mibi. Iyo abantu bavuwe uko bikwiriye bashobora gukira, bagakora kandi bakagira imibereho myiza.
Uko zivurwa
Abaganga b’inzobere mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe bashobora kuvura inyinshi muri zo kandi zigakira. Ikintu cya mbere cy’ingenzi ni ukubona umuganga w’inararibonye ushobora gusuzuma neza izo ndwara.
Icyakora abarwayi basuzumwa neza gusa mu gihe bemeye kuvurwa uko bikwiriye. Ibyo bibasaba kwikuramo ubwoba, bakabwira abandi ibirebana n’uburwayi bwabo. Bimwe mu bintu byafasha abo barwayi, harimo kuganira n’abaganga b’inararibonye mu kuvura izo ndwara. Abo baganga bashobora kubafasha gusobanukirwa uburwayi bwabo, gukemura ibibazo bahura na byo buri munsi no kubashishikariza gufata imiti uko bikwiriye kugeza igihe irangiriye. Mu gihe umurwayi akurikiranwa n’abaganga, umwe mu bagize umuryango cyangwa incuti ashobora kubigiramo uruhare rw’ingenzi amuhumuriza kandi akamuba hafi.
Abantu benshi bashoboye guhangana n’indwara zo mu mutwe nyuma yo gusobanukirwa neza ibyazo no gukurikiza amabwiriza bahawe n’abaganga b’inzobere. Mark twigeze kuvuga yagize ati “mbere y’uko abaganga basuzuma umugore wanjye bakamusangana indwara yo mu mutwe, nta cyo twari tuzi kuri izo ndwara. Icyakora twitoje gukemura buri kibazo uko kije no kwakira ibitubayeho. Uko iminsi yagiye ihita, abaganga b’inzobere kandi bizewe, incuti ndetse n’abavandimwe bagiye batwitaho.”
Ikintu cya mbere cy’ingenzi cyane ni ukubona umuganga w’inararibonye ushobora gusuzuma neza izo ndwara.
